1、将下载的mac系统.app拷贝到应用程序中
2、准备一个8G以上的U盘,使用mac系统自带的磁盘工具将此U盘抹掉为mac os 扩展(日志式)
3、使用如下命令开始制作u盘安装盘
sudo /Applications/安装\ OS X El Capitan.app/Contents/Resources/createinstallmedia –volume /Volumes/iPlaySoft –applicationpath /Applications/安装\ OS X El Capitan.app –nointeraction
All of the popular browsers provide a built-in pop-up blocker. 3rd party pop-up blockers were very popular in the early 2000s but with the integration of the built-in pop-up blockers, they lost their popularity. Google Chrome is the most popular browser and provides a built-in pop-up blocker. In this tutorial, we will examine how to allow or block pop-ups with Google Chrome.
In order to manage pop-up blocking, we will open the Pop-up Blocker from Google Chrome configuration. There are different ways to open the Pop-up Blocker screen. The most practical and easy way is using the following address on the Google Chrome address bar.
Alternatively, we can take the following steps to open Pop-up Blocker from the Google Chrome menus. First, we will open the Settings from the Google Chrome menu.
In this step from the Privacy and Security category we will click to the Site Settings like below.
在“ Privacy and Security类别的这一步中,我们将单击下面的“ Site Settings 。
This is the last step in order to open Pop-ups and redirects configuration like below which is under the Content category.
这是打开“ Pop-ups and redirects以下配置(位于“ Content类别下)的*后一步。
We will see the following screen which is used to block or allow pop-ups in Google Chrome.
我们将看到以下屏幕,该屏幕用于阻止或允许Google Chrome浏览器弹出窗口。
打开或启用弹出窗口(Turn On or Enable Pop-ups)
By default, Google Chrome is configured to block pop-ups. From the user experience and security reasons, it is recommended. We can enable the pop-ups by sliding the Blocked configuration into the Allowed like below.
If the pop-ups are enabled we can disable block pop-ups easily with the Block settings like below. The block setting is recommended for most of the cases.
打开或启用特定网站的弹出窗口(Turn On or Enable Pop-ups For Specific Web Site)
Up to now, we have enabled or disabled pop-ups in general without any exception. We can also enable or turn on pop-ups for a specific web site or domain even the pop-ups are blocked in general. We need to add given web site or domain with the Allow by using the Add button like below.
After adding the exception web site or domain we will see the following screen.
添加例外网站或域后,我们将看到以下屏幕。
关闭或禁用特定网站的弹出窗口(Turn Off or Disable Pop-ups For Specific Web Site)
We can enable or turn on pop-ups in general but want to turn off or disable pop-ups for specific web sites or domains. We will use the Block list and click to the Add button like below.
SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to transmit emails between clients, receivers, and email servers. SMTP service generally provided via different ports for network communication and transmission. IMAP and POP3 are other protocols used for email transmission but they are mainly used by email clients where SMTP is used for email servers. In order to use email service to sent few or bulk emails, we should configure the email servers SMTP port properly.
什么是SMTP(简单邮件传输协议)? (What Is SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)?)
SMTP or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a mail transfer protocol which is mainly used to transfer email between servers in a simple text based mechanism. E-mail servers and some email clients uses the SMTP for e-mail transfer and communication.
SMTP或Simple Mail Transfer Protocol是一种邮件传输协议,主要用于以基于简单文本的机制在服务器之间传输电子邮件。 电子邮件服务器和某些电子邮件客户端使用SMTP进行电子邮件传输和通信。
Before SMTP there are protocol like SNDMSG, Mail Box Protocol with the RFC 196 etc. SMTP is official standardized with the RFC 788 in November 1981. As the first SMTP standard this RFC used the port number 25.
Submission is the act of submitting an email message and data to an outgoing email server. The email client connects to this outgoing email server and submits the email message and data.
Relay is the act of receiving and email message and data from a email server and transmit to the another email server. Generally the latest email server will be the receipent email server.
In order to complete these actions following different ports are used by SMTP. Below we will explain these different port in detail.
为了完成这些操作,SMTP使用了以下不同的端口。 下面我们将详细解释这些不同的端口。
2525
587587
465465
25252525
LEARN MORE What Is HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)?
了解更多什么是HTTP(超文本传输协议)?
SMTP端口25 (SMTP Port 25)
Port 25 is the first official port of the SMTP. Port 25 is dedicated for the SMTP in 1982. SMTP Port 25 uses the TCP as a transmission protocol. Also, Port 25 is the most known and popular port for SMTP. As an old, popular, and well-known port Port 25 is abused widely and some ISP, Network, and Cloud providers automatically or by default blocks the TCP 25 SMTP port in order to prevent abuses and security attacks.
SMTP Port 587 is the default port for email submission and used by a lot of parties. If you don’t know the default port of the remote email server the best choice to start check for submission is used the SMTP port 587. Port 587 is provided as a TCP port. Also, port 597 provides a secure email submission by using TLS encryption.
SMTP port was the first secure and encrypted email submission port which is using SMTP over SSL methodology. After some time with the emerge of the Port 587 SMTP port 465 is deprecated officially and provided for use of other protocols. But today many ISP and cloud hosting providers support and provide port 465 for SMTP submission.
SMTP端口是*个使用SMTP over SSL方法的安全加密电子邮件提交端口。 在端口587出现一段时间后,SMTP端口465正式被弃用,并提供使用其他协议。 但是今天,许多ISP和云托管提供商都支持并提供465端口用于SMTP提交。
SMTP端口2525 (SMTP Port 2525)
SMTP port 2525 is a tricky port that is created by typing 25 twice as port 25 is the first port number of the SMTP. Port 2525 is not assigned officially for the SMTP usage because it is not recognized by authorities IETF or IANA. But the similarity of the numbers made port 2525 popular and most of the ISPs, cloud service providers and email servers support and allow access of port 2525 SMTP service. Especially Port 2525 will be a good alternative can if port 587 is blocked.
LEARN MORE What Is SSL Certificate CN (Common Name) and Usage?
了解更多什么是SSL证书CN(通用名称)和用法?
检查SMTP端口是否被阻止或可访问 (Check If SMTP Port Is Blocked or Accessible)
As there are 4 popular SMTP ports deciding which of them are accessable for SMTP may be required in some cases. There are different ways to check SMTP ports like using a tool for simple port check or using a web service or application.
We can use telnet in order to check the remote SMTP ports like 25, 587, 465, 2525 or another port. telnet is a simple command line tool which is used for remote shell connection and management but also used for port check for different protocols. In this example we will check the Gmail SMTP ports where the SMTP service is provided with the smtp.google.com domain name.
From the example and screen shot we can see that when the remote SMTP port is available or open we will get a message like Connected to smtp.gmail.com and get some banner or welcome message which provides information about the SMTP server and service like 220 smtp.gmail.com ESMTP f131sm5873330wme.40 - gsmtp .If the SMTP port or service is not avaiable we will get a message like Unable to connect to remote host: Network is unreachable . For this example Gmail provides SMTP ports 25,587, 465 via smpt.gmail.com.
从示例和屏幕快照中,我们可以看到,当远程SMTP端口可用或打开时,我们将收到诸如Connected to smtp.gmail.com类的消息Connected to smtp.gmail.com并获得一些标语或欢迎消息,其中包含有关SMTP服务器和服务的信息,如220 smtp.gmail.com ESMTP f131sm5873330wme.40 - gsmtp 。如果SMTP端口或服务不可用,我们将收到诸如Unable to connect to remote host: Network is unreachable的消息Unable to connect to remote host: Network is unreachable 。 在此示例中,Gmail通过smpt.gmail.com提供了SMTP端口25,587,465。
SMTP端口通信示例 (SMTP Port Communication Example)
SMTP is mainly a text-based protocol where management is done via text or ASCII command. When connected an SMTP port commands like EHLO, STARTTLS, SIZE, etc can be used.
SMTP端口安全性和SSL / TLS连接(SMTP Port Security and SSL/TLS Connection)
SMTP uses the SSL/TLS certificates in order to secure and encrypt SMTP connection. openssl command provides the s_client command in order to test and connect remote SMTP service with an SSL/TLS connection. We will also provide the remove SMTP server domain name and port number like below by using the -connect option. SSL/TLS encrypted SMTP connection is named as SMTPS.
受欢迎的邮件服务提供商SMTP端口号 (Popular Mail Service Providers SMTP Port Numbers)
Today email and SMTP are core and important part of the IT. There are a lot of different email service and server providers which provides SMTP service via SMTP ports. Below you can find popular SMTP service providers SMTP port numbers.
Database systems are an important part of the IT system. Relational Database Management System is a database that mainly stored data in a relational model by creating different relations between different data. Relational Database Management Systems simply called RDMS. RDMS mainly uses the Structured Query Language simply SQL in order to store and query data.
关系数据库管理系统(RDMS)的历史记录 (Relational Database Management System (RDMS) History)
Relational Database Management System was created in 1970 at IBM. The relational database term is described in the paper named “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks”. In 1974, IBM began developing System R which is a research project to develop an RDMS. The first commercial RDMS is created by oracle in 1979. Then other commercial RDMS like DB2, SAP Sybase, and Informix are created.
Data Integrity is used to ensure the integrity of data inside different tables via explicit rules. Entity Integrity ensures no duplicate rows in a table. Domain Integrity enforces valid entries for a given column restricting type, format, and range of the values. Referential integrity used to prevent the deletion of rows which is used by other tables.
Data Integrity用于通过显式规则确保不同表内数据的完整性。 实体完整性可确保表中没有重复的行。 域完整性对给定的列强制执行有效的条目,以限制值的类型,格式和范围。 引用完整性,用于防止其他表使用的行被删除。
During its history different commercial RDMS’s are created. Below we will list some of the most popular and important commercial RDMS’s.
在其历史上,创建了不同的商业RDMS。 下面我们将列出一些*受欢迎和*重要的商业RDMS。
MySQL is the most popular open-source RDMS. It is used by big companies like Google, Facebook, Twitter, etc. MySQL mainly used with the PHP programming language.
MariaDBis a fork of the MySQL and provides most of the features of the MySQL database.
MariaDB是MySQL的分支,并提供MySQL数据库的大多数功能。
MS SQL Server is the RDMS created by Microsoft. It is released as different versions where SQL Server Express is the free version.
MS SQL Server是Microsoft创建的RDMS。 它以不同版本发布,其中SQL Server Express是免费版本。
PostgreSQL is powerful and opensource RDMS. PostgreSQL is generally used alternative for MySQL but PostgreSQL requires more expertise to manage properly.
Oracle is the most popular paid RDMS which is used by big enterprises. Oracle provides all enterprise-level features which are partially provided by other RDMS.
The GNU Compiler Collection or GCC is a compiler and related auxiliary tools which are used to compile different programming languages into binary and related formats. GCC has been created and currently developed by the GNU Project. Also, the GCC name comes from the GNU as you have noticed. GCC is very popular in the opensource community and used by different projects like the Linux Kernel. GCC has played a very important role in the first two decades of the opensource movement by providing free, open-source, and dynamic compiler collection. GCC is provided with the GPL or General Public License where it permits the GCC to distributed in a free and opensource manner.
GNU Compiler Collection或GCC是一个编译器和相关的辅助工具,用于将不同的编程语言编译成二进制和相关格式。 GCC已由GNU项目创建和开发。 同样,您已经注意到,GCC名称来自GNU。 GCC在开源社区中非常流行,并被Linux Kernel等不同项目使用。 通过提供免费,开源和动态编译器集合,GCC在开源运动的前二十年中发挥了非常重要的作用。 GCC随GPL或General Public License ,它允许GCC以自由和开源的方式分发。
海湾合作委员会的历史 (GCC History)
GCC has been started by the GNU Project where Richard Stallman is its pioneer. GCC is first released in March 1987 from the MIT FTP servers. It is named as the first open-source and free software which is popularly used. First C Programming language was supported by in a year C++ programming language supported is added. Also later Objective-C, Objective-C++, Fortran, Java, Ada, and Go supported have been added. As writing this post the latest GCC version is 10.2 which has released July 2020.
GCC can be installed into different operating systems like Linux, Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Debian, Mint, Kali, Windows, MacOS, etc. But the Linux platforms are the most comfortable platforms where GCC is mainly developed on Linux. GCC can be installed by using installers or package managers for the supported operating systems. GCC provides command-line usage where different options are provided in order to specify the compiling process details. Below you can find some basic usage examples about the GCC.
GCC is a features rich compiler toolset where different options are provided for different cases. GCC options are used to change the default compile attributes. For example extra input to the source code before compile can be provided with the macros etc. Below we will list some of the popular GCC compiler options below.