Python类的定义与使用
Python类的定义与使用
目标：
1.类的定义
2.父类，子类定义，以及子类调用父类
3.类的组合使用
4.内置功能
1.类的定义
代码如下：
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#coding:utf8
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class Hotel(object):
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“””docstring for Hotel”””
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def __init__(self, room, cf=1.0, br=15):
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self.room = room
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self.cf = cf
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self.br = br
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def cacl_all(self, days=1):
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return (self.room * self.cf + self.br) * days
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if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
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stdroom = Hotel(200)
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big_room = Hotel(230, 0.9)
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print stdroom.cacl_all()
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print stdroom.cacl_all(2)
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print big_room.cacl_all()
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print big_room.cacl_all(3)
2.父类、子类以及调用父类
代码如下：
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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# 父类
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class AddBook(object):
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def __init__(self, name, phone):
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self.name = name
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self.phone = phone
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def get_phone(self):
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return self.phone
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# 子类，继承
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class EmplEmail(AddBook):
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def __init__(self, nm, ph, email):
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# AddBook.__init__(self, nm, ph) # 调用父类方法一
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super(EmplEmail, self).__init__(nm, ph) # 调用父类方法二
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self.email = email
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def get_email(self):
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return self.email
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# 调用
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if __name__ == “__main__”:
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Detian = AddBook(‘handetian’, ‘18210413001’)
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Meng = AddBook(‘shaomeng’, ‘18210413002’)
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print Detian.get_phone()
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print AddBook.get_phone(Meng)
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alice = EmplEmail(‘alice’, ‘18210418888’, ‘alice@xkops.com’)
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print alice.get_email(), alice.get_phone()
3.类的组合使用
代码如下：
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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”’
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1.class类的组合使用
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2.手机、邮箱、QQ等是可以变化的（定义在一起），姓名不可变（单独定义）。
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3.在另一个类中引用
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”’
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class Info(object):
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def __init__(self, phone, email, qq):
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self.phone = phone
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self.email = email
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self.qq = qq
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def get_phone(self):
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return self.phone
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def update_phone(self, newphone):
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self.phone = newphone
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print “手机号更改已更改”
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def get_email(self):
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return self.email
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class AddrBook(object):
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”’docstring for AddBook”’
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def __init__(self, name, phone, email, qq):
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self.name = name
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self.info = Info(phone, email, qq)
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if __name__ == “__main__”:
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Detian = AddrBook(‘handetian’, ‘18210413001’, ‘detian@xkops.com’, ‘123456’)
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print Detian.info.get_phone()
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Detian.info.update_phone(18210413002)
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print Detian.info.get_phone()
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print Detian.info.get_email()
4.内置功能(函数（）加与不加的区别）
代码如下：
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#coding:utf8
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class Books(object):
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def __init__(self, title, author):
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self.title = title
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self.author = author
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def __str__(self):
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return self.title
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def __repr__(self):
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return self.title
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def __call__(self):
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print “%s is written by %s” %(self.title, self.author)
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if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
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pybook = Books(‘Core Python’, ‘Wesley’)
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print pybook
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pybook()
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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#coding:utf8
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class Number(object):
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“””Custum object
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add/radd -> +;
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sub/rsub -> -;
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mul/rmul -> *;
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div/rdiv -> /;
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“””
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def __init__(self, number):
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self.number = number
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def __add__(self, other):
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return self.number + other
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def __radd__(self, other):
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return self.number + other
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def __sub__(self, other):
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return self.number – other
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def __rsub__(self, other):
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return other – self.number
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def __gt__(self, other):
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if self.number > other:
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return True
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return False
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if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
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num = Number(10)
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print num + 20
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print 30 + num
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print num – 5
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print 11 – num
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print num > 20
