HD 钱包全称为是分层确定性(Hierarchical Deterministic)钱包的缩写 HD Wallets。
首次创建 HD 钱包或者备份钱包时，会产生一个助记词，助记词是一连串的英⽂单词，这一串单词序列就可以创建种子，种子又可以创建所有的私钥。单词顺序也是钱包的备份，可以恢复钱包。而种⼦对应的就是所确定性钱包的随机数。
HD 钱包的优点在于只需要主公钥，就可以生成出任意数量的子公钥。也就是说，无需私钥介入(主私钥和子私钥)，就能基于主公钥生成新(公钥)地址，而这些地址其实都能被主私钥所控制。
直接撸代码：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bitcoinj</groupId>
<artifactId>bitcoinj-tools</artifactId>
<version>0.14.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bitcoinj</groupId>
<artifactId>bitcoinj-core</artifactId>
<version>0.14.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
<artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
<version>1.59</version>
</dependency>
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.configuration2.Configuration;
import org.apache.commons.configuration2.builder.fluent.Configurations;
import org.bitcoinj.core.Base58;
import org.bitcoinj.core.ECKey;
import org.bitcoinj.core.NetworkParameters;
import org.bitcoinj.crypto.ChildNumber;
import org.bitcoinj.crypto.DeterministicHierarchy;
import org.bitcoinj.crypto.DeterministicKey;
import org.bitcoinj.crypto.HDKeyDerivation;
import org.bitcoinj.crypto.HDUtils;
import org.bitcoinj.params.MainNetParams;
import org.bitcoinj.params.TestNet3Params;
import org.bitcoinj.wallet.DeterministicKeyChain;
import org.bitcoinj.wallet.DeterministicSeed;
import org.bitcoinj.wallet.UnreadableWalletException;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.digests.RIPEMD160Digest;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.common.ConfigUtil;
import com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.common.HDWallet;
import com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.common.HashUtils;
import com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.common.SecretOperation;
public class HDWalletPK {
private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HDWalletPK.class);
static NetworkParameters params;
static{
try {
Configuration config = ConfigUtil.getInstance();
params = config.getBoolean(“bitcoin.testnet”) ? TestNet3Params.get() : MainNetParams.get();
LOG.info(“=== [BTC] bitcoin client networkID：{} ===”,params.getId());
} catch (Exception e) {
LOG.info(“=== [BTC] com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.btc.HDWalletPK:{} ===”,e.getMessage(),e);
}
}
/**
* @throws IOException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @Title: createHDWalletByPATH
* @param @param word 助记词
* @param @param passphrase 密码
* @param @param childNum 生成的hd钱包数量
* @param @param params
* @param @return 参数
* @return List<HDWallet> 返回类型
* @throws
*/
public static List<HDWallet> createHDWalletByPATH(String word, String passphrase, int[] childNum) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
List<HDWallet> wallet = new ArrayList<HDWallet>();
try {
DeterministicSeed deterministicSeed = new DeterministicSeed(word, null, passphrase, 0L);
DeterministicKeyChain deterministicKeyChain = DeterministicKeyChain.builder().seed(deterministicSeed).build();
DeterministicKey main = deterministicKeyChain.getKeyByPath(HDUtils.parsePath(“44H/0H”), true);
DeterministicHierarchy tree = new DeterministicHierarchy(main);
DeterministicKey rootKey = tree.getRootKey();
LOG.info(“### [BTC] childs privKey , pubKey , address start ###”);
for (int i = childNum[0], len = childNum[1]; i < len; i++) {
DeterministicKey deriveChildKey = HDKeyDerivation.deriveChildKey(rootKey, new ChildNumber(i));
wallet.add(new HDWallet(deriveChildKey.getPathAsString(),
deriveChildKey.getPrivateKeyAsWiF(params),
Base58.encode(deriveChildKey.getPubKey()),
ECKey.fromPrivate(deriveChildKey.getPrivKey()).toAddress(params).toBase58()));
}
LOG.info(“### [BTC] childs privKey , pubKey , address end ###”);
} catch (UnreadableWalletException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return wallet;
}
/**
* @Title: generateMnemonic
* @param @param passphrase
* @param @param params
* @param @return
* @param @throws IOException 参数
* @return String 返回类型
* @throws
*/
public static String generateMnemonic(String passphrase) throws IOException {
StringBuilder words = new StringBuilder();
SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
long creationTimeSeconds = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000;
DeterministicSeed ds = new DeterministicSeed(secureRandom, 128, passphrase, creationTimeSeconds);
for (String str : ds.getMnemonicCode()) {
words.append(str).append(” “);
}
return words.toString().trim();
}
/**
* @Title: generateAddress 根据公钥生成地址
* @param @param publicKey
* @param @return 参数
* @return String 返回类型
* @throws
*/
public static String generateAddress(String publicKey) {
//1. 计算公钥的 SHA-256 哈希值
byte[] sha256Bytes = HashUtils.sha256(Base58.decode(publicKey));
//2. 取上一步结果，计算 RIPEMD-160 哈希值
RIPEMD160Digest digest = new RIPEMD160Digest();
digest.update(sha256Bytes, 0, sha256Bytes.length);
byte[] ripemd160Bytes = new byte[digest.getDigestSize()];
digest.doFinal(ripemd160Bytes, 0);
//3. 取上一步结果，前面加入地址版本号（主网版本号“0x00”）
byte[] networkID = new BigInteger(“00”, 16).toByteArray();
byte[] extendedRipemd160Bytes = HashUtils.add(networkID, ripemd160Bytes);
//4. 取上一步结果，计算 SHA-256 哈希值
byte[] oneceSha256Bytes = HashUtils.sha256(extendedRipemd160Bytes);
//5. 取上一步结果，再计算一下 SHA-256 哈希值
byte[] twiceSha256Bytes = HashUtils.sha256(oneceSha256Bytes);
//6. 取上一步结果的前4个字节（8位十六进制）
byte[] checksum = new byte[4];
System.arraycopy(twiceSha256Bytes, 0, checksum, 0, 4);
//7. 把这4个字节加在第5步的结果后面，作为校验
byte[] binaryAddressBytes = HashUtils.add(extendedRipemd160Bytes, checksum);
//8. 把结果用 Base58 编码算法进行一次编码
return Base58.encode(binaryAddressBytes);
}
/**
* 验证地址是否合法
* @param address
* @return
*/
public static boolean verifyAddress(String address) {
if (address.length() < 26 || address.length() > 35) {
return false;
}
byte[] decoded = HashUtils.decodeBase58To25Bytes(address);
if (null == decoded) {
return false;
}
// 验证校验码
byte[] hash1 = HashUtils.sha256(Arrays.copyOfRange(decoded, 0, 21));
byte[] hash2 = HashUtils.sha256(hash1);
return Arrays.equals(Arrays.copyOfRange(hash2, 0, 4), Arrays.copyOfRange(decoded, 21, 25));
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String s = generateMnemonic(“xx”);//生成助记次
int[] a = {1,10};//根据助记词生成childID={1-10}的钱包地址
List<HDWallet> walls = createHDWalletByPATH(s, “123457”,a);
for (HDWallet hdWallet : walls) {
System.out.println(hdWallet.getPubKey());
System.out.println(hdWallet.getPrivKey());
System.out.println(hdWallet.getAddress());
System.out.println(“———————-“);
}
}
}
HashUtil:
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
/**
* @ClassName: HashUtils
* @author DHing
*
*/
public class HashUtils {
/**
* 加密字符集合
*/
private static final String ALPHABET = “123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz”;
/**
* 使用 sha256 算法加密
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String sha256Hex(String input) {
return DigestUtils.sha256Hex(input);
}
/**
* 使用 sha256 hash 算法加密，返回一个 64 位的字符串 hash
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String sha256Hex(byte[] input) {
return DigestUtils.sha256Hex(input);
}
public static byte[] sha256(String input) {
return DigestUtils.sha256(input);
}
public static byte[] sha256(byte[] input) {
return DigestUtils.sha256(input);
}
/**
* 两个byte[]数组相加
*
* @param data1
* @param data2
* @return
*/
public static byte[] add(byte[] data1, byte[] data2) {
byte[] result = new byte[data1.length + data2.length];
System.arraycopy(data1, 0, result, 0, data1.length);
System.arraycopy(data2, 0, result, data1.length, data2.length);
return result;
}
/**
* 将多个字节数组合并成一个字节数组
*
* @param bytes
* @return
*/
public static byte[] merge(byte[]… bytes) {
Stream<Byte> stream = Stream.of();
for (byte[] b : bytes) {
stream = Stream.concat(stream, Arrays.stream(ArrayUtils.toObject(b)));
}
return ArrayUtils.toPrimitive(stream.toArray(Byte[]::new));
}
/**
* long 类型转 byte[]
*
* @param val
* @return
*/
public static byte[] toBytes(long val) {
return ByteBuffer.allocate(Long.BYTES).putLong(val).array();
}
/**
* 使用 Base58 把地址解码成 25 字节
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static byte[] decodeBase58To25Bytes(String input) {
BigInteger num = BigInteger.ZERO;
for (char t : input.toCharArray()) {
int p = ALPHABET.indexOf(t);
if (p == -1) {
return null;
}
num = num.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(58)).add(BigInteger.valueOf(p));
}
byte[] result = new byte[25];
byte[] numBytes = num.toByteArray();
System.arraycopy(numBytes, 0, result, result.length – numBytes.length, numBytes.length);
return result;
}
}
package com.bscoin.coldwallet.cointype.common;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.bitcoinj.core.NetworkParameters;
public class HDWallet implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public HDWallet(){}
public HDWallet(String path, String privKey, String pubKey, String address) {
super();
this.path = path;
this.privKey = privKey;
this.pubKey = pubKey;
this.address = address;
}
public HDWallet(String privKey, String pubKey, String address) {
super();
this.privKey = privKey;
this.pubKey = pubKey;
this.address = address;
}
private String word; //助记词
private String path;//路径-标识位
private String passphrase;
private String privKey; //私钥
private String pubKey; //公钥
private String address;//地址
public String getWord() {
return word;
}
public void setWord(String word) {
this.word = word;
}
public String getPrivKey() {
return privKey;
}
public void setPrivKey(String privKey) {
this.privKey = privKey;
}
public String getPubKey() {
return pubKey;
}
public void setPubKey(String pubKey) {
this.pubKey = pubKey;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getPassphrase() {
return passphrase;
}
public void setPassphrase(String passphrase) {
this.passphrase = passphrase;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public void setPath(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
}
